Serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme assay (iso-ALP)

Alkaline phosphatase can be divided into six types of ALP1, ALP2, ALP3, ALP4, ALP5, and ALP6 by electrophoresis. The determination of alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme is helpful for the diagnosis of hepatobiliary diseases, especially liver cancer. Increased ALP2 is seen in intrahepatic cholestasis, acute hepatitis, and primary liver cancer. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: liver function test Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Tips: Do not eat too greasy, high-protein foods the day before the blood draw, avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should start fasting for 12 hours to avoid affecting the test results. Normal value 1, agar electrophoresis: Normal appearance: AKP2, AKP3, AKP4, AKP5. Adult ALP2>ALP3; children ALP3>ALP2. Pathology appeared: AKP1, AKP6. 2. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: Adult appearance: AKP1 (α1 globulin position), AKPII, AKPIV (between α2 and β globulin), AKPIV (β globulin position). Pregnant women appear: AKPIV. (Note the specific reference value depends on each laboratory.) Clinical significance 1, ALP1 (derived from the liver) positive in the extrahepatic obstructive jaundice, metastatic liver cancer, liver abscess, liver congestion and common bile duct stones. 2, ALP2 increased in intrahepatic cholestasis, acute hepatitis, primary liver cancer and so on. 3, ALP3 increased in (1) Skeletal diseases such as bone tumors and tumor bone metastasis, Paget's disease, rickets and osteomalacia. (2) Other diseases, such as renal malnutrition, hyperthyroidism, etc. 4, ALP4 (from the placenta) positive found in pregnancy. 5, ALP5 (from the intestine) positive found in normal people after eating fat and cirrhosis, alcoholism. 6, ALP6 positive found in ulcerative colitis. Positive results may be diseases: primary liver cancer, metastatic liver cancer, liver abscess, common bile duct stones First, the precautions before blood draw 1, do not eat too greasy, high-protein food the day before the blood, to avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. 2. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should start fasting for 12 hours to avoid affecting the test results. 3, should relax when taking blood, to avoid the contraction of blood vessels caused by fear, increase the difficulty of blood collection. Second, should pay attention after blood draw 1. After blood is drawn, local compression is required at the pinhole for 3-5 minutes to stop bleeding. Note: Do not rub, so as not to cause subcutaneous hematoma. 2, the pressing time should be sufficient. There is a difference in clotting time for each person, and some people need a little longer to clotting. Therefore, when the surface of the skin appears to be bleeding, the compression is stopped immediately, and the blood may be infiltrated into the skin due to incomplete hemostasis. Therefore, the compression time is longer to completely stop bleeding. If there is a tendency to bleed, the compression time should be extended. 3, after the blood draw symptoms of fainting such as: dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, etc. should immediately lie down, drink a small amount of syrup, and then undergo a physical examination after the symptoms are relieved. 4. If there is localized congestion, use a warm towel after 24 hours to promote absorption. Inspection process Immediately after venous blood collection, the test method was determined by agar electrophoresis. Not suitable for the crowd no. Adverse reactions and risks 1. Infection: Pay attention to aseptic operation when collecting blood, avoid contamination of water and other parts at the blood collection site to avoid local infection. 2, bleeding: after the blood is given a full compression time, especially coagulopathy, bleeding tendency, to avoid local subcutaneous oozing, bruising and swelling.