Serum α1-antitrypsin protein

Α1-antitrypsin is a glycoprotein produced by hepatocytes with a molecular weight of 5.6kD and a half-life of 5.6 days. It is the most important component of α1-globulin in conventional protein electrophoresis. Its biological role is to inhibit trypsin and sputum. Protease, hyaluronidase, plasmin, elastase, etc., is a broad-spectrum protease inhibitor. Basic Information Specialist classification: Digestive examination classification: biochemical examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: The decrease is mainly seen in hereditary α1-AT deficiency, cirrhosis due to α1-AT deficiency, bronchiectasis, pancreatic fibrosis, and the like. For patients with cirrhosis of unknown cause, detection of α1-AT can assist in diagnosis. Normal value: Serum α1-antitrypsin protein: 2-3g/L Above normal: Increased mainly in tissue damage, inflammation, malignant tumors, pregnancy, viral hepatitis and so on. negative: Positive: Tips: During pregnancy and estrogen treatment, α1-antitrypsin is elevated. Normal value 2 ~ 3g / L. Clinical significance 1, increased mainly in tissue damage, inflammation, malignant tumors, pregnancy, viral hepatitis and so on. 2, the reduction is mainly seen in hereditary α1-AT deficiency, cirrhosis caused by α1-AT deficiency, bronchiectasis, pancreatic fibrosis and so on. For patients with cirrhosis of unknown cause, detection of α1-AT can assist in diagnosis. Low results may be diseases: viral hepatitis, high malignant tumors may cause diseases: α1-antitrypsin deficiency, α1 antitrypsin deficiency liver disease precautions During pregnancy and estrogen treatment, α1-antitrypsin is elevated. Inspection process Immediately after venous blood collection, the test is sent. The detection methods are: Trypsin Inhibitor Capacity Assay (TIC): BANA, BAPNA or hemoglobin and casein are used as direct acting substrates for α1-AT. Trypsin was used as a direct substrate for its enzymatic determination. Since α1-AT can inhibit trypsin activity and thereby reduce the ability of the latter to interact with the substrate, the α1-AT content can be calculated based on the extent of degradation of the degradation product. Precipitation reaction method: 1. Rocket Electrophoresis (RIE): This method combines agar diffusion with immunoelectrophoresis technology to form α1-AT antiserum and α1-AT in the serum of the specimen to form an antigen-antibody rocket-like precipitation line, which determines α1 according to the height of the rocket peak. -AT content. 2. One-way immunodiffusion method (SID): Using the immunodiffusion technique, the content of α1-AT was calculated according to the diameter of the antigen-antibody precipitation ring on the agar plate, and the diagnostic standard value was the same as the RIE method. 3. Rate-scattering turbidimetry (ICS): The α1-AT content was detected by an advanced immunochemical test system controlled by a microcomputer-controlled automatic protein analyzer. The principle is that the amount of the immune complex formed by the antigen and the antibody is positively correlated with the level of the scattering rate, and the turbidity measurement can be performed by ICS to calculate the content of α1-AT. In the above detection method, the TIC method is complicated in operation, and is easily interfered by non-antitrypsin in serum, and the result is not stable enough. The sensitivity of the RIE method is relatively high, the method is relatively simple, and it is not susceptible to interference, but the accuracy and specificity are poor: especially for SID. Not suitable for the crowd Those without examination indications should not be tested. Adverse reactions and risks Dizziness or fainting: When blood is drawn, due to emotional overstress, fear, reflex caused by vagus nerve excitability, blood pressure drop, etc., the blood supply to the brain is insufficient to cause fainting or dizziness.