salivary testosterone

Testosterone is the main androgen in the human body. About 95% of adult male plasma testosterone comes from testicular interstitial cells, and a small part comes from adrenal cortex and extraglandular transformation. Women are mainly from the adrenal cortex, and the ovaries secrete a small amount. Most of the testosterone in the plasma binds to the beta globulin of the testosterone-binding protein, and only a very small amount is in a free state to exert a physiological effect. Testosterone promotes the synthesis of proteins and bone matrix and increases the production of erythropoietin. The method for measuring salivary testosterone is roughly the same as the method for measuring plasma testosterone. Basic Information Specialist classification: oral examination classification: body fluid examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Found in cryptorchidism, congenital testicular hypoplasia syndrome, orchitis, hypopituitarism, male sexual dysfunction, neuropathic loss of appetite, sexual dysplasia, traumatic libido disappearance and impotence, male breast development, hypothyroidism, cortex Alcoholism, osteoporosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. Normal value: Testosterone (male): 68-384 pmol/L Testosterone (female): 20-56pmol/L Above normal: Found in testicular cell stromal tumors, precocious puberty, masculine tumors in women, Cushing's syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, female hirsutism and obesity. negative: Positive: Tips: Try to eat less and eat as much as possible, and arrange your diet reasonably. Normal value Normal value Male: 68 ~ 384pmol / L. Female: 20 ~ 56pmol / L. Clinical significance Increased in women with testicular cell stromal tumors, precocious puberty, masculine tumors, Cushing's syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, female hirsutism and obesity. Reduced in cryptorchidism, congenital testicular hypoplasia syndrome, orchitis, hypopituitarism, male sexual dysfunction, neuropathic loss of appetite, sexual dysplasia, traumatic libido disappearance and impotence, male breast development, hypothyroidism, Hypercortisolism, osteoporosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. Low results may be diseases: precocious puberty notes Same as serum testosterone. Inspection process The method is divided into three steps, namely antigen-antibody reaction, B and F separation, and radioactivity determination. 1. Antigen and antibody reaction: The specimen (non-labeled antigen), labeled antigen and antiserum are sequentially dosed into a small test tube, and allowed to stand at room temperature (15-30 ° C) for 24 hours to fully compete for binding. 2, B, F separation: a variety of separation techniques, commonly used precipitation method. 1 second antibody precipitation method: also known as diabody method, after the test antigen specifically reacts with the first antibody, the corresponding second antibody is added, so that the formed antigen-first antibody-second antibody complex is co-precipitated. The labeled antigen B is separated from the free antigen F by centrifugation. This method is a specific precipitation, complete separation, low non-specific binding. However, the amount of the second antibody is large and the cost is high. In addition, the concentration of the specimen and the presence or absence of the anticoagulant can affect the results to some extent. 2 Polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation method: the protein is in an isoelectric point state, and the hydration layer is destroyed to cause protein precipitation. The advantage of this method is that PEG is convenient to prepare, inexpensive, and rapid to separate. The disadvantage is that there are many non-specific precipitates and the separation is incomplete. 3Second antibody-polyethylene glycol precipitation method: This method not only has the advantage of rapid precipitation of PEG method, but also maintains the effect of specific precipitation of second antibody, reduces the amount of second antibody, and reduces the concentration of PEG, so that non-specific precipitation Reduced material. 4 Activated carbon adsorption method: the free part of small molecules is adsorbed by the surface activity of activated carbon. For example, a layer of dextran is coated on the surface of the activated carbon to make a mesh having a certain pore diameter on the surface, thereby allowing small molecules of free antigen or hapten to escape and being adsorbed, while the macromolecular complex is excluded. After the antigen and the antibody are reacted, the dextran-activated carbon is added and allowed to stand for 5 to 10 minutes, so that the free antigen is adsorbed on the activated carbon particles, and the particles are precipitated by centrifugation, and the supernatant contains the labeled antigen. 3. Determination of radioactivity: After separation of B and F, the radioactivity can be determined. There are two types of measuring instruments: a liquid scintillation counter (measuring beta rays) and a crystal scintillation counter (measuring gamma rays). The unit of counting is the number of electrical pulses output by the detector in units of cpm (number of pulses/min). A standard curve is required for each measurement, and the different concentrations of the standard antigen are plotted on the abscissa, and the corresponding radioactivity measured is plotted on the ordinate. The radioactivity may be optionally B or F, and the calculated values ​​B/B+F, B/F or B/Bo may also be used. Specimens should be determined in duplicate, the average value is taken, and the corresponding antigen concentration is detected on the standard curve. Not suitable for the crowd no. Adverse reactions and risks no.