Norepinephrine (NM)

Norepinephrine, also known as norepinephrine, belongs to the class of catecholamines. It is mainly released by sympathetic nerve endings, and a small part is released by the adrenal medulla. Mainly acts on alpha receptors. It has a strong contraction of blood vessels, especially a strong contraction of skin, mucous membranes and renal blood vessels, which raises blood pressure. However, it has a weak expansion effect on the coronary arteries, and also has an excitatory effect on the cardiac β receptor, but is weaker than adrenaline. Basic Information Specialist classification: growth and development check classification: biochemical examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: Shy-Drager syndrome (Xiay Drago type orthostatic hypotension), rheumatic fever, etc. Normal value: Plasma demethyl adrenaline: 6.05-7.15nmol/L Above normal: Pheochromocytoma, neural crest tumor, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, diabetes, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, essential hypertension, Cushing's syndrome, primary aldosteronism, chronic Renal insufficiency (high plasma value) and so on. negative: Positive: Tips: Women should prevent vaginal discharge from getting into the urine. Note that a part of the urine is discharged first, and then the specimen is taken, that is, the middle urine is reserved. Normal value M (urine) 0.5 to 8.1 μmol / 24 h (0.1 to 1.6 mg / 24 h). NM (plasma) 6.6 ± 0.55 (SE) nmol / L [1.2 ± 0.1 (SE) ng / ml] (normal blood pressure). Clinical significance 1, elevated pheochromocytoma, neural crest tumor, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, diabetes, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, essential hypertension, Cushing's syndrome, primary aldosterone Hyperplasia, chronic renal insufficiency (high plasma value). 2, reduce Shy-Drager syndrome (Xiay Drago type orthostatic hypotension), rheumatic fever and so on. High results may be diseases: pheochromocytoma considerations Urine specimen: 1. Wash the vulva before leaving the urine. The container used should be clean and free of pollution. Do not mix chemicals such as detergents, disinfectants and preservatives to avoid affecting the inspection results. 2, women should prevent vaginal discharge into the urine. Note that a part of the urine is discharged first, and then the specimen is taken, that is, the middle urine is reserved. 3, should be sent immediately after the urine, to avoid the test results are wrong after the urine is placed. Blood specimen: First, the precautions before blood draw 1, do not eat too greasy, high-protein food the day before the blood, to avoid heavy drinking. The alcohol content in the blood directly affects the test results. 2. After 8 pm on the day before the medical examination, you should start fasting for 12 hours to avoid affecting the test results. 3, should relax when taking blood, to avoid the contraction of blood vessels caused by fear, increase the difficulty of blood collection. Second, should pay attention after blood draw 1. After blood is drawn, local compression is required at the pinhole for 3-5 minutes to stop bleeding. Note: Do not rub, so as not to cause subcutaneous hematoma. 2, the pressing time should be sufficient. There is a difference in clotting time for each person, and some people need a little longer to clotting. Therefore, when the surface of the skin appears to be bleeding, the compression is stopped immediately, and the blood may be infiltrated into the skin due to incomplete hemostasis. Therefore, the compression time is longer to completely stop bleeding. If there is a tendency to bleed, the compression time should be extended. 3, after the blood draw symptoms of fainting such as: dizziness, vertigo, fatigue, etc. should immediately lie down, drink a small amount of syrup, and then undergo a physical examination after the symptoms are relieved. 4. If there is localized congestion, use a warm towel after 24 hours to promote absorption. Inspection process Adrenal hormone assay. Not suitable for the crowd no. Adverse reactions and risks no.