Serum Cation Assay

Serum cation assay is the determination of the main cation Na+ in serum to determine the ion state in the body. Na+ is the main cation, accounting for about 90% of the total number of cations. Increased clinically less common, can be seen in severe dehydration, excessive sweating, high fever, burns, diabetic polyuria. Basic Information Specialist classification: Respiratory examination classification: blood examination Applicable gender: whether men and women apply fasting: fasting Analysis results: Below normal: 1, kidney loss of sodium, such as renal cortical insufficiency, severe pyelonephritis, diabetes and so on. Increased urinary sodium excretion, severe damage to the renal tubules, reduced reabsorption, and a large loss of sodium in the urine. 2, gastrointestinal sodium loss (such as gastrointestinal drainage, pyloric obstruction, vomiting and diarrhea). 3, the application of excessive antidiuretic hormone. 4, heart failure, kidney failure, excessive water supply. 5, hyperlipidemia, due to more lipids in the serum, sodium concentration decreased. 6, cardiovascular diseases, such as congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, etc. can cause hyponatremia. 7, brain diseases such as encephalitis, brain trauma, cerebral hemorrhage, brain abscess, meningitis, etc., due to a series of neurohumoral factors caused by serum sodium decreased. After extensive burns, trauma, loss of sodium in the skin, and sweating, body fluids and sodium are largely lost from the wound surface, only water is added and the electrolyte is added. Normal value: Serum Na+ (adult): 135-145mmol/L Serum Na+ (child): 138-146mmol/L Above normal: 1, severe dehydration, a lot of sweating, high fever, burns, diabetic polyuria. 2, adrenal hyperfunction, primary or secondary aldosteronism, cerebral hypernatremia (brain trauma, cerebrovascular accident and pituitary tumors, etc.). 3, improper diet or treatment leads to excessive intake of sodium. negative: Positive: Tips: Pay attention to rest and keep blood on an empty stomach. Normal value Adult: 135 ~ 145mmol / L (135 ~ 145mEq / L); Children: 138 ~ 146mmol / L (138 ~ 146mEq / L). Clinical significance Abnormal result Increased clinically less common, can be seen in: 1, severe dehydration, a lot of sweating, high fever, burns, diabetic polyuria. 2, adrenal hyperfunction, primary or secondary aldosteronism, cerebral hypernatremia (brain trauma, cerebrovascular accident and pituitary tumors, etc.). 3, improper diet or treatment leads to excessive intake of sodium. cut back: 1, kidney loss of sodium, such as renal cortical insufficiency, severe pyelonephritis, diabetes and so on. Increased urinary sodium excretion, severe damage to the renal tubules, reduced reabsorption, and a large loss of sodium in the urine. 2, gastrointestinal sodium loss (such as gastrointestinal drainage, pyloric obstruction, vomiting and diarrhea). 3, the application of excessive antidiuretic hormone. 4, heart failure, kidney failure, excessive water supply. 5, hyperlipidemia, due to more lipids in the serum, sodium concentration decreased. 6, cardiovascular diseases, such as congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, etc. can cause hyponatremia. 7, brain diseases such as encephalitis, brain trauma, cerebral hemorrhage, brain abscess, meningitis, etc., due to a series of neurohumoral factors caused by serum sodium decreased. After extensive burns, trauma, loss of sodium in the skin, and sweating, body fluids and sodium are largely lost from the wound surface, only water is added and the electrolyte is added. Need to check the elderly, cardiovascular disease patients in the population. Low results may be diseases: high pyloric obstruction may cause disease: dehydration considerations Inappropriate crowd: no Taboo before the test: pay attention to rest, keep blood on an empty stomach. Requirements for inspection: No special requirements. Inspection process The peripheral blood mainly has ear lobe blood and fingertips to take blood. The baby can take blood from the heel. The earlobe has a lighter blood pressure, but the blood volume is less, especially those with smaller earlobes are more difficult to take blood. The blood pressure of the fingertips is more obvious, but the blood collection is more, especially for the blood routine test, the stable measurement results can be obtained. The skin should be cleaned before blood collection. Do not take blood immediately after entering the room in the cold outdoor winter. After the body is warm, especially the ear drops and hands should be warmed up. Do not use hot water to heat your hands before taking blood. Keep your fingers dry. If your fingertips have wounds, paronychia, redness or skin disease, avoid using this finger. Fingertip blood collection generally uses the ring finger, because the ring finger will not affect the daily function of the hand after piercing, of course, the middle finger or index finger can also be used, no special difference. When collecting blood in the ear, remove the earrings and other hanging ornaments on the earlobe. Do not hang up immediately after blood collection. After blood collection, apply sterile cotton blocks or other disinfecting hemostatic articles to pinch the needle and puncture the area. Do not touch the dirt. Do not wash your hands immediately. After blood collection, serum was separated and cations were measured. Not suitable for the crowd no. Adverse reactions and risks no.